{ "source": "https://vpnandprivacy.com", "license": "Reuse permitted with a link to the source.", "generated": "2026-09-06T12:01:58.767Z", "count": 23, "providers": [ { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "adguard-vpn", "name": "AdGuard VPN", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://adguard-vpn.com", "founded": 2020, "tagline": "Cyprus-based spin-off of the AdGuard ad blocker, built on a custom protocol that hides as ordinary HTTPS.", "logo_text": "A", "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Adguard Software Limited", "ultimate_owner": "Adguard Software Limited", "owner_type": "independent", "jurisdiction": "CY", "intelligence_alliance": "none", "sibling_brands": [ "AdGuard Ad Blocker", "AdGuard DNS" ], "notes": "Same company as the AdGuard ad blocker, registered in Limassol, Cyprus after moving from Russia. The move is stated by the company; the earlier corporate history is worth reading before you trust the jurisdiction." }, "audits": [], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": "Premium", "months": 1, "total_price": 11.99, "renewal_total_price": 11.99 }, { "tier": "Premium", "months": 12, "total_price": 35.88, "renewal_total_price": null } ], "starting_monthly_usd": 2.99, "money_back_days": 30, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": false, "notes": "The annual price is an introductory rate. What it renews at is not stated on the pricing page." }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "proprietary", "wireguard" ], "proprietary_protocol": "AdGuard VPN protocol", "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": true, "simultaneous_connections": 10, "open_source_apps": false }, "app_store": { "id": 1525373602, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id1525373602", "seller": "Adguard Software Limited" }, "play_store_id": "com.adguard.vpn", "servers": { "countries": 65, "count": null, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "AE": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": false, "dedicated_ip": false, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": false, "free_tier": true, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "browser" ], "pros": [ "Free tier with a 3 GB monthly allowance", "Custom protocol is hard for a network to fingerprint", "Ad and tracker blocking from the company that makes AdGuard", "Cheap on the annual plan" ], "cons": [ "No published no-logs audit", "Corporate history runs back to Russia, which the jurisdiction alone does not settle", "No port forwarding and no multi-hop", "Renewal price is not disclosed" ], "best_for": [ "cheap", "free", "china" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://adguard-vpn.com/en/privacy/vpn.html", "for": "operating_entity, jurisdiction", "primary": true } ], "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Assembled from public sources; confirm operating entity, jurisdiction, pricing and audit history against primary documents." } }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "airvpn", "name": "AirVPN", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://airvpn.org", "founded": 2010, "tagline": "Italian activist-run provider with per-server live statistics and real port forwarding, and no iOS app at all.", "logo_text": "A", "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Air srl", "ultimate_owner": "Air srl", "owner_type": "independent", "jurisdiction": "IT", "intelligence_alliance": "fourteen_eyes", "sibling_brands": [], "notes": "Run by a small Italian company founded by activists and hacktivists. Italy sits inside the Fourteen Eyes arrangement, which is the main structural argument against it." }, "audits": [], "pricing": { "currency": "EUR", "plans": [ { "tier": "Premium", "months": 1, "total_price": 7, "renewal_total_price": 7 }, { "tier": "Premium", "months": 12, "total_price": 54, "renewal_total_price": 54 }, { "tier": "Premium", "months": 36, "total_price": 120, "renewal_total_price": 120 } ], "starting_monthly_usd": 3.33, "money_back_days": 30, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": true, "notes": "Prices are in euros and do not use an introductory rate, so the renewal matches what you first paid." }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn" ], "proprietary_protocol": null, "ram_only_servers": false, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": true, "simultaneous_connections": 5, "open_source_apps": true }, "app_store": null, "play_store_id": null, "servers": { "countries": 23, "count": 260, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "AE": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": false, "multi_hop": false, "dedicated_ip": false, "port_forwarding": true, "ad_blocker": false, "tor_over_vpn": true, "stealth_protocol": true, "free_tier": false, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": false }, "platforms": [ "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router" ], "pros": [ "Publishes live per-server load and bandwidth, which almost nobody else does", "Port forwarding is genuinely supported, not a marketing word", "Open-source desktop client", "No introductory pricing, so the renewal holds" ], "cons": [ "No official iOS app; on iPhone you use a third-party WireGuard or OpenVPN client", "Italy is inside the Fourteen Eyes arrangement", "No published no-logs audit", "Small network and a website aimed at technical users" ], "best_for": [ "torrenting", "privacy", "technical" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://airvpn.org/legal/", "for": "operating_entity, jurisdiction", "primary": true } ], "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Assembled from public sources; confirm operating entity, jurisdiction, pricing and audit history against primary documents." } }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "astrill", "name": "Astrill VPN", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://www.astrill.com", "founded": 2009, "tagline": "The expatriate favourite in China; expensive, dated apps, and thin on transparency.", "logo_text": "A", "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Astrill Systems Corp.", "ultimate_owner": null, "owner_type": "unknown", "jurisdiction": "SC", "intelligence_alliance": "none", "sibling_brands": [], "notes": "Registered in the Seychelles. Beneficial ownership is not published; the App Store listing is under a different company name (Veloxee Corp.)." }, "audits": [], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": null, "months": 1, "total_price": 30, "renewal_total_price": 30 }, { "tier": null, "months": 12, "total_price": 150, "renewal_total_price": 150 } ], "starting_monthly_usd": 12.5, "money_back_days": null, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": true, "notes": "No refund policy; a short free trial is offered outside China only." }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "proprietary" ], "proprietary_protocol": "StealthVPN", "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": true, "simultaneous_connections": 5, "open_source_apps": false }, "app_store": { "id": 572953702, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id572953702", "seller": "Veloxee Corp." }, "play_store_id": "com.astrill.astrillvpn", "servers": { "countries": 58, "count": null, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "unknown", "basis": "none", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "unknown", "basis": "none", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "unknown", "basis": "none", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": "Widely reported as the most reliable option inside China for years." }, "AE": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": true, "dedicated_ip": true, "port_forwarding": true, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": true, "free_tier": false, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router" ], "pros": [ "Best reputation for actually working inside China", "Multiple obfuscation protocols", "Router support" ], "cons": [ "Around three times the price of the majors", "No independent audit and no published ownership", "No refunds", "iOS app is rated poorly and updated rarely" ], "best_for": [ "china" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.astrill.com/about", "for": "operating_entity, jurisdiction", "primary": true } ], "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Assembled from public sources; confirm operating entity, jurisdiction and audit history against primary documents." } }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "bitdefender-vpn", "name": "Bitdefender VPN", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://www.bitdefender.com/solutions/vpn.html", "founded": 2019, "tagline": "Romanian antivirus maker's VPN, historically running on Aura's Hotspot Shield network rather than its own.", "logo_text": "B", "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Bitdefender SRL", "ultimate_owner": "Bitdefender SRL", "owner_type": "conglomerate", "jurisdiction": "RO", "intelligence_alliance": "none", "sibling_brands": [ "Bitdefender Total Security", "Bitdefender Mobile Security" ], "notes": "Bitdefender is a Romanian security company, not a VPN company. Its VPN has used the Catapult Hydra protocol, which belongs to Aura, the owner of Hotspot Shield. Buying Bitdefender VPN means trusting two companies, and only one of them is named on the box." }, "audits": [], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": "Premium VPN", "months": 1, "total_price": 6.99, "renewal_total_price": 6.99 }, { "tier": "Premium VPN", "months": 12, "total_price": 39.99, "renewal_total_price": 79.99 } ], "starting_monthly_usd": 3.33, "money_back_days": 30, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": false, "notes": "The first year is discounted and the price roughly doubles at renewal, in the usual antivirus pattern." }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "ikev2", "proprietary" ], "proprietary_protocol": "Catapult Hydra", "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": false, "simultaneous_connections": 10, "open_source_apps": false }, "app_store": { "id": 1499633482, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id1499633482", "seller": "Bitdefender SRL" }, "play_store_id": "com.bitdefender.vpn", "servers": { "countries": 53, "count": 4000, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "AE": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": false, "dedicated_ip": false, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": false, "free_tier": true, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows" ], "pros": [ "Cheap in the first year if you already pay Bitdefender", "Well-rated iOS app", "Free tier with a 200 MB daily allowance", "Kill switch and split tunnelling on the main platforms" ], "cons": [ "No no-logs audit of its own", "Runs on infrastructure owned by Aura, the Hotspot Shield company", "Renewal roughly doubles the first-year price", "No Linux app, no port forwarding, no multi-hop" ], "best_for": [ "beginners", "cheap" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.bitdefender.com/solutions/vpn.html", "for": "pricing, features", "primary": true } ], "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Assembled from public sources; confirm operating entity, jurisdiction, pricing and audit history against primary documents." } }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "cyberghost", "name": "CyberGhost", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://www.cyberghostvpn.com", "founded": 2011, "ownership": { "operating_entity": "CyberGhost S.A.", "ultimate_owner": "Kape Technologies", "owner_type": "private_equity", "jurisdiction": "RO", "intelligence_alliance": "none", "sibling_brands": [ "ExpressVPN", "Private Internet Access", "ZenMate", "vpnMentor", "WizCase", "SafetyDetectives" ], "notes": "Romanian jurisdiction is a real advantage. Kape ownership, and Kape's ownership of the review sites that rank it, is the offsetting fact readers are rarely told." }, "audits": [ { "date": "2022", "auditor": "Deloitte", "scope": "no_logs", "public_report": false, "report_url": null } ], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": null, "months": 1, "total_price": 12.99, "renewal_total_price": 12.99 }, { "tier": null, "months": 6, "total_price": 41.94, "renewal_total_price": 41.94 }, { "tier": null, "months": 26, "total_price": 56.94, "renewal_total_price": null } ], "money_back_days": 45, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": true, "notes": null, "starting_monthly_usd": 2.19 }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "ikev2" ], "proprietary_protocol": null, "ram_only_servers": true, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": false, "simultaneous_connections": 7, "open_source_apps": false }, "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.cyberghostvpn.com/en_US/privacypolicy", "for": "operating_entity, jurisdiction", "primary": true }, { "url": "https://www.kape.com", "for": "ultimate_owner, sibling_brands", "primary": true } ], "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Audit date needs confirming; check whether anything newer than 2022 exists." }, "tagline": "Streaming-labelled servers and a 45-day refund; Kape-owned and Romania-based.", "logo_text": "CG", "app_store": { "id": 583009522, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id583009522", "seller": "Cyberghost SRL" }, "play_store_id": "de.mobileconcepts.cyberghost", "servers": { "countries": 100, "count": 11500, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": "No obfuscation; the provider itself says it does not work in China." }, "AE": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": false, "dedicated_ip": true, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": false, "free_tier": false, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router", "browser", "tv" ], "pros": [ "Servers labelled by streaming service", "45-day money-back guarantee on long plans", "Very large server count", "Deloitte no-logs audit (2022, 2024)" ], "cons": [ "Does not work in China or Russia", "Kape-owned; same conflict as ExpressVPN", "Renewal price on the long plan is not clearly stated", "Apps feel heavier than the competition" ], "best_for": [ "streaming", "beginners", "cheap" ] }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "expressvpn", "name": "ExpressVPN", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://www.expressvpn.com", "founded": 2009, "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Express VPN International Ltd", "ultimate_owner": "Kape Technologies", "owner_type": "private_equity", "jurisdiction": "VG", "intelligence_alliance": "none", "sibling_brands": [ "CyberGhost", "Private Internet Access", "ZenMate", "vpnMentor", "WizCase", "SafetyDetectives" ], "notes": "The sibling list is the point. Kape owns four VPN brands and three of the largest 'independent' review sites, which rank Kape's own products at the top. Kape was taken private by Unikmind Holdings in 2023, so it no longer files as a listed company." }, "audits": [ { "date": "2023", "auditor": "KPMG", "scope": "no_logs", "public_report": false, "report_url": null }, { "date": "2022", "auditor": "Cure53", "scope": "protocol", "public_report": true, "report_url": null } ], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": "Basic", "months": 1, "total_price": 12.99, "renewal_total_price": 12.99 }, { "tier": "Basic", "months": 12, "total_price": 99.95, "renewal_total_price": 99.95 }, { "tier": "Basic", "months": 24, "total_price": 139.72, "renewal_total_price": 199.9 } ], "money_back_days": 30, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": true, "notes": "Renewal price is substantially higher than the intro price. Do not publish the plan table until the renewal figure is confirmed from the account billing page.", "starting_monthly_usd": 4.99 }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "ikev2", "proprietary" ], "proprietary_protocol": "Lightway", "ram_only_servers": true, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": true, "simultaneous_connections": 8, "open_source_apps": false }, "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet. The ownership conflict is disclosed on the page regardless of how it tests." }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.expressvpn.com/about", "for": "operating_entity, jurisdiction", "primary": true }, { "url": "https://www.kape.com", "for": "ultimate_owner, sibling_brands", "primary": true } ], "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Audit count and dates need checking against ExpressVPN's own trust centre — they claim far more audits than listed here, and each needs its scope recorded separately rather than counted in a total." }, "tagline": "Polished apps and reliable unblocking; owned by Kape, which also owns three review sites.", "logo_text": "E", "app_store": { "id": 886492891, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id886492891", "seller": "Expressco Services, LLC" }, "play_store_id": "com.expressvpn.vpn", "servers": { "countries": 105, "count": 3000, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": "Historically the most consistent in China; automatic obfuscation." }, "AE": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": "Virtual India locations only." }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": false, "dedicated_ip": true, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": true, "free_tier": false, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router", "browser", "tv" ], "pros": [ "Lightway protocol is fast and reconnects quickly", "Most consistent record in China and the UAE", "TrustedServer RAM-only infrastructure, audited repeatedly", "Router firmware and Aircove router" ], "cons": [ "Most expensive of the major providers", "Owner Kape also owns vpnMentor, WizCase and SafetyDetectives", "Only 8 simultaneous connections", "British Virgin Islands entity, but parent is UK-based" ], "best_for": [ "china", "travel", "streaming", "iphone" ] }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "f-secure-vpn", "name": "F-Secure VPN", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://www.f-secure.com/en/vpn", "founded": 2013, "tagline": "Finnish listed security company's VPN, formerly Freedome; simple, well outside the alliances, thin on features.", "logo_text": "F", "ownership": { "operating_entity": "F-Secure Corporation", "ultimate_owner": "F-Secure Corporation", "owner_type": "public_company", "jurisdiction": "FI", "intelligence_alliance": "none", "sibling_brands": [ "F-Secure Total", "F-Secure ID Protection" ], "notes": "Listed on Nasdaq Helsinki, so its accounts and ownership are public in a way most VPN companies' are not. Finland is not a member of the Five, Nine or Fourteen Eyes groupings." }, "audits": [], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": "VPN", "months": 12, "total_price": 49.99, "renewal_total_price": 69.99 } ], "starting_monthly_usd": 4.17, "money_back_days": 30, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": false, "notes": "Sold mainly inside the F-Secure Total bundle; the standalone VPN price rises at renewal." }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "ikev2" ], "proprietary_protocol": null, "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": false, "simultaneous_connections": 5, "open_source_apps": false }, "app_store": { "id": 771791010, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id771791010", "seller": "F-Secure Corporation" }, "play_store_id": "com.fsecure.freedome.vpn.security.privacy.android", "servers": { "countries": 30, "count": null, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "AE": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": false, "multi_hop": false, "dedicated_ip": false, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": false, "free_tier": false, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows" ], "pros": [ "Publicly listed company with real financial disclosure", "Finland is outside the intelligence alliances", "Tracker blocking built in", "Very simple app for people who want one button" ], "cons": [ "No no-logs audit published", "Few features: no split tunnelling, multi-hop or port forwarding", "Small server network", "Priced as a bundle add-on rather than a standalone VPN" ], "best_for": [ "beginners", "privacy" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.f-secure.com/en/vpn", "for": "features, pricing", "primary": true } ], "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Assembled from public sources; confirm operating entity, jurisdiction, pricing and audit history against primary documents." } }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "fastestvpn", "name": "FastestVPN", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://fastestvpn.com", "founded": 2017, "tagline": "Sells aggressive lifetime deals; the iPhone app carries one of the worst App Store ratings in this catalogue.", "logo_text": "F", "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Fastest Technology Ltd", "ultimate_owner": null, "owner_type": "unknown", "jurisdiction": "KY", "intelligence_alliance": "none", "sibling_brands": [], "notes": "The site claims a Cayman Islands base while the App Store listing names an Australian entity, FASTEST TECHNOLOGY PTY LTD. We have not reconciled the two, and the company does not name the people behind it." }, "audits": [], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": "Premium", "months": 1, "total_price": 10, "renewal_total_price": 10 }, { "tier": "Premium", "months": 12, "total_price": 39.95, "renewal_total_price": null }, { "tier": "Lifetime", "months": 60, "total_price": 40, "renewal_total_price": null } ], "starting_monthly_usd": 0.67, "money_back_days": 15, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": true, "notes": "The headline price is a lifetime deal. A lifetime plan is a bet on the company outliving your need for it, and it is priced accordingly." }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "ikev2" ], "proprietary_protocol": null, "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": false, "simultaneous_connections": 15, "open_source_apps": false }, "app_store": { "id": 1332852583, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id1332852583", "seller": "FASTEST TECHNOLOGY PTY LTD" }, "play_store_id": "com.fastestvpn.vpn", "servers": { "countries": 60, "count": 900, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "AE": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": false, "dedicated_ip": false, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": false, "free_tier": false, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router", "tv" ], "pros": [ "Lifetime plans cost less than a year of most rivals", "Fifteen simultaneous connections", "Works on routers and TV boxes" ], "cons": [ "iPhone app rating is far below every established provider in this catalogue", "No no-logs audit and no named leadership", "Stated jurisdiction does not match the App Store seller entity", "Streaming and censorship performance is weak" ], "best_for": [ "cheap" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://fastestvpn.com/privacy-policy", "for": "operating_entity", "primary": true } ], "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Assembled from public sources; confirm operating entity, jurisdiction, pricing and audit history against primary documents." } }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "hide-me", "name": "hide.me", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://hide.me", "founded": 2012, "tagline": "Malaysia-based with a real free tier and no-logs audits; lesser known, decent value.", "logo_text": "H", "ownership": { "operating_entity": "eVenture Ltd", "ultimate_owner": "eVenture Ltd", "owner_type": "independent", "jurisdiction": "MY", "intelligence_alliance": "none", "sibling_brands": [], "notes": "Privately held Malaysian company. Publishes little about its ownership beyond the company name." }, "audits": [ { "date": "2023", "auditor": "Securitum", "scope": "no_logs", "public_report": true, "report_url": null } ], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": "Premium", "months": 1, "total_price": 9.95, "renewal_total_price": 9.95 }, { "tier": "Premium", "months": 12, "total_price": 59.95, "renewal_total_price": 59.95 }, { "tier": "Premium", "months": 26, "total_price": 69.95, "renewal_total_price": null } ], "starting_monthly_usd": 2.69, "money_back_days": 30, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": true, "notes": null }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "ikev2", "proprietary" ], "proprietary_protocol": "Bolt", "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": true, "simultaneous_connections": 10, "open_source_apps": false }, "app_store": { "id": 953040671, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id953040671", "seller": "EVENTURE LTD." }, "play_store_id": "hideme.android.vpn", "servers": { "countries": 55, "count": 2400, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "AE": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": true, "dedicated_ip": false, "port_forwarding": true, "ad_blocker": false, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": true, "free_tier": true, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router", "browser", "tv" ], "pros": [ "Free tier with no registration", "Securitum no-logs audit", "Port forwarding and multi-hop included", "Outside the intelligence alliances" ], "cons": [ "Smaller brand with fewer independent tests", "Long-plan renewal price not confirmed", "Ownership detail is thin" ], "best_for": [ "free", "cheap", "torrenting" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://hide.me/en/legal", "for": "operating_entity, jurisdiction", "primary": true } ], "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Assembled from public sources; confirm operating entity, jurisdiction and audit history against primary documents." } }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "hotspot-shield", "name": "Hotspot Shield", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://www.hotspotshield.com", "founded": 2008, "tagline": "Fast proprietary protocol and a huge install base; US-owned, ad-supported free tier.", "logo_text": "HS", "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Pango GmbH", "ultimate_owner": "Pango Group (Aura)", "owner_type": "private_equity", "jurisdiction": "US", "intelligence_alliance": "five_eyes", "sibling_brands": [ "Betternet", "UltraVPN", "VPN 360", "Aura" ], "notes": "Sold by AnchorFree to Pango, then folded into Aura, then spun out as Pango Group in 2024. Ownership has changed hands three times in five years." }, "audits": [ { "date": "2023", "auditor": "Not independently audited for no-logs", "scope": "other", "public_report": false, "report_url": null } ], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": "Premium", "months": 1, "total_price": 12.99, "renewal_total_price": 12.99 }, { "tier": "Premium", "months": 12, "total_price": 95.88, "renewal_total_price": 95.88 } ], "starting_monthly_usd": 7.99, "money_back_days": 45, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": false, "notes": "Free tier is ad-supported and collects more data than the paid one." }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "proprietary", "wireguard", "ikev2" ], "proprietary_protocol": "Hydra", "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": false, "simultaneous_connections": 10, "open_source_apps": false }, "app_store": { "id": 443369807, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id443369807", "seller": "AnchorFree, LLC" }, "play_store_id": "hotspotshield.android.vpn", "servers": { "countries": 85, "count": 3200, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "AE": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": false, "dedicated_ip": false, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": false, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": false, "free_tier": true, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router", "browser", "tv" ], "pros": [ "Hydra protocol is quick on mobile", "45-day refund", "Free tier exists" ], "cons": [ "No published independent no-logs audit", "US jurisdiction and repeated ownership changes", "Free tier serves ads and shares data with partners", "Expensive for what it offers" ], "best_for": [ "free" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.hotspotshield.com/about", "for": "operating_entity", "primary": true }, { "url": "https://pango.co", "for": "ultimate_owner", "primary": true } ], "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Assembled from public sources; confirm operating entity, jurisdiction and audit history against primary documents." } }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "ipvanish", "name": "IPVanish", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://www.ipvanish.com", "founded": 2012, "tagline": "US-based, owns its server network, popular on Fire TV; a 2016 logging incident on record.", "logo_text": "IPV", "ownership": { "operating_entity": "IPVanish, Inc.", "ultimate_owner": "Ziff Davis", "owner_type": "conglomerate", "jurisdiction": "US", "intelligence_alliance": "five_eyes", "sibling_brands": [ "StrongVPN", "Encrypt.me", "PCMag", "Mashable" ], "notes": "Acquired by J2 Global, now Ziff Davis, in 2019. Ziff Davis also owns PCMag and Mashable, which review VPNs. In 2016, under previous owner Highwinds, IPVanish handed connection logs to US authorities despite a no-logs policy." }, "audits": [ { "date": "2022", "auditor": "Leviathan Security", "scope": "no_logs", "public_report": true, "report_url": null } ], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": null, "months": 1, "total_price": 12.99, "renewal_total_price": 12.99 }, { "tier": null, "months": 12, "total_price": 47.89, "renewal_total_price": 89.99 }, { "tier": null, "months": 24, "total_price": 51.99, "renewal_total_price": 179.98 } ], "starting_monthly_usd": 2.17, "money_back_days": 30, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": false, "notes": "Two-year plan renews at the full yearly rate." }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "ikev2" ], "proprietary_protocol": null, "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": true, "simultaneous_connections": null, "open_source_apps": false }, "app_store": { "id": 763638165, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id763638165", "seller": "IPVanish, Inc." }, "play_store_id": "com.ixolit.ipvanish", "servers": { "countries": 55, "count": 2400, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "AE": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": false, "dedicated_ip": false, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": true, "free_tier": false, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router", "browser", "tv" ], "pros": [ "Unlimited connections", "Owns and operates its own servers", "Good Fire TV app" ], "cons": [ "Handed logs to US authorities in 2016 while claiming no logs", "Owner Ziff Davis also owns PCMag and Mashable", "Does not work in China", "Renewal is more than three times the intro price" ], "best_for": [ "tv" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ziffdavis.com/brands", "for": "ultimate_owner, sibling_brands", "primary": true } ], "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Assembled from public sources; confirm operating entity, jurisdiction and audit history against primary documents." } }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "ivpn", "name": "IVPN", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://www.ivpn.net", "founded": 2009, "ownership": { "operating_entity": "IVPN Limited", "ultimate_owner": "IVPN Limited", "owner_type": "independent", "jurisdiction": "GI", "intelligence_alliance": "none", "sibling_brands": [], "notes": "Gibraltar is a British Overseas Territory, so 'outside Five Eyes' deserves an asterisk rather than a clean pass. IVPN publishes its team and ownership openly, which most of this market does not." }, "audits": [ { "date": "2022", "auditor": "Cure53", "scope": "apps", "public_report": true, "report_url": null } ], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": "Standard", "months": 1, "total_price": 6, "renewal_total_price": 6 }, { "tier": "Standard", "months": 12, "total_price": 60, "renewal_total_price": 60 }, { "tier": "Pro", "months": 12, "total_price": 100, "renewal_total_price": 100 } ], "money_back_days": 30, "accepts_cash": true, "accepts_crypto": true, "notes": "Refuses affiliate programmes and discount pricing on principle.", "starting_monthly_usd": 5 }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn" ], "proprietary_protocol": null, "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": true, "simultaneous_connections": 7, "open_source_apps": true }, "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.ivpn.net/team", "for": "operating_entity, ultimate_owner, jurisdiction", "primary": true } ], "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": null }, "tagline": "Gibraltar-based, transparent about its team, no affiliate programme; small and honest.", "logo_text": "I", "app_store": { "id": 1193122683, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id1193122683", "seller": "IVPN Limited" }, "play_store_id": "net.ivpn.client", "servers": { "countries": 37, "count": 100, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "AE": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": true, "dedicated_ip": false, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": true, "free_tier": false, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": false }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router" ], "pros": [ "Publishes its team, ownership and a transparency report", "No email needed to sign up", "Regular Cure53 audits", "No affiliate programme" ], "cons": [ "Small network", "Not a streaming VPN", "Port forwarding dropped", "Fewer platform apps than the big brands" ], "best_for": [ "privacy", "anonymity" ] }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "mega-vpn", "name": "MEGA VPN", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://mega.io/vpn", "founded": 2024, "tagline": "Add-on to MEGA's encrypted storage, cheap if you already pay for MEGA, and based in Five Eyes New Zealand.", "logo_text": "M", "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Mega Limited", "ultimate_owner": "Mega Limited", "owner_type": "independent", "jurisdiction": "NZ", "intelligence_alliance": "five_eyes", "sibling_brands": [ "MEGA Cloud Storage", "MEGA Pass" ], "notes": "New Zealand company best known for end-to-end encrypted cloud storage. New Zealand is a founding Five Eyes member, which matters more for a VPN than it does for zero-knowledge storage." }, "audits": [], "pricing": { "currency": "EUR", "plans": [ { "tier": "VPN", "months": 1, "total_price": 5, "renewal_total_price": 5 }, { "tier": "VPN", "months": 12, "total_price": 50, "renewal_total_price": 50 } ], "starting_monthly_usd": 4.17, "money_back_days": 0, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": true, "notes": "Included with the larger MEGA storage plans, so the standalone price is rarely what a MEGA customer pays." }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard" ], "proprietary_protocol": null, "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": false, "simultaneous_connections": 10, "open_source_apps": false }, "app_store": { "id": 6456784858, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id6456784858", "seller": "Mega Limited" }, "play_store_id": "mega.vpn", "servers": { "countries": 30, "count": null, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "AE": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": false, "multi_hop": false, "dedicated_ip": false, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": false, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": false, "free_tier": false, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": false }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "browser" ], "pros": [ "Effectively free if you already pay for a large MEGA storage plan", "WireGuard everywhere, with no legacy protocol clutter", "Accepts cryptocurrency through the MEGA account", "Same account and app as the storage product" ], "cons": [ "New Zealand is a Five Eyes member", "No no-logs audit of the VPN", "No refund window on the standalone plan", "New product with almost no independent testing" ], "best_for": [ "cheap", "beginners" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://mega.io/vpn", "for": "pricing, features", "primary": true } ], "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Assembled from public sources; confirm operating entity, jurisdiction, pricing and audit history against primary documents." } }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "mullvad", "name": "Mullvad", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://mullvad.net", "founded": 2009, "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Mullvad VPN AB", "ultimate_owner": "Amagicom AB", "owner_type": "independent", "jurisdiction": "SE", "intelligence_alliance": "fourteen_eyes", "sibling_brands": [], "notes": "Sweden sits inside the Fourteen Eyes, which is the obvious mark against it. Mullvad's answer is to hold almost nothing worth demanding: accounts are numbered, no email is required, and it takes cash in an envelope." }, "audits": [ { "date": "2024", "auditor": "Cure53", "scope": "apps", "public_report": true, "report_url": null }, { "date": "2023", "auditor": "Assured AB", "scope": "infrastructure", "public_report": true, "report_url": null } ], "pricing": { "currency": "EUR", "plans": [ { "tier": null, "months": 1, "total_price": 5.4, "renewal_total_price": 5.4 }, { "tier": null, "months": 12, "total_price": 64.8, "renewal_total_price": 64.8 } ], "money_back_days": 30, "accepts_cash": true, "accepts_crypto": true, "notes": "Flat €5 a month, no annual discount and no sales. Nothing to hide on renewal because there is no intro price to expire.", "starting_monthly_usd": 5.4 }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn" ], "proprietary_protocol": null, "ram_only_servers": true, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": true, "simultaneous_connections": 5, "open_source_apps": true }, "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://mullvad.net/en/help/business-information", "for": "operating_entity, ultimate_owner, jurisdiction", "primary": true }, { "url": "https://mullvad.net/en/blog/tag/audits", "for": "audits", "primary": true } ], "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Audit months and report URLs still need filling from Mullvad's own audit page. Pricing confirmed as the long-standing flat rate but re-check the current figure." }, "tagline": "Flat €5 a month, no email required, accepts cash; the privacy benchmark.", "logo_text": "M", "app_store": { "id": 1488466513, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id1488466513", "seller": "Mullvad VPN AB" }, "play_store_id": "net.mullvad.mullvadvpn", "servers": { "countries": 49, "count": 690, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": "Bridge servers via Shadowsocks; app and site are blocked." }, "AE": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": true, "dedicated_ip": false, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": true, "free_tier": false, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": false }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router", "browser" ], "pros": [ "Account is a random number, no email or name", "Same price forever, no intro-vs-renewal games", "Accepts cash by post and Monero", "Runs no affiliate programme, so no review site is paid to rank it" ], "cons": [ "Streaming unblocking is unreliable by design", "Port forwarding removed in 2023", "Smaller server network", "No live chat" ], "best_for": [ "privacy", "torrenting", "linux", "anonymity" ] }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "nordvpn", "name": "NordVPN", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://nordvpn.com", "founded": 2012, "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Nordvpn S.A.", "ultimate_owner": "Nord Security", "owner_type": "conglomerate", "jurisdiction": "PA", "intelligence_alliance": "none", "sibling_brands": [ "Surfshark", "NordPass", "NordLocker", "Incogni" ], "notes": "Nord Security and Surfshark merged in 2022. The two brands still run separately and still appear as rivals in comparison articles, including their own — worth stating plainly wherever we put them head to head." }, "audits": [ { "date": "2024", "auditor": "Deloitte", "scope": "no_logs", "public_report": false, "report_url": null }, { "date": "2022", "auditor": "Deloitte", "scope": "no_logs", "public_report": false, "report_url": null } ], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": "Basic", "months": 1, "total_price": 12.99, "renewal_total_price": 12.99 }, { "tier": "Basic", "months": 12, "total_price": 59.88, "renewal_total_price": 139.08 }, { "tier": "Basic", "months": 24, "total_price": 83.43, "renewal_total_price": 278.16 } ], "money_back_days": 30, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": true, "notes": "Heavily discounted two-year intro pricing that renews much higher. The renewal figure is the number that belongs in a comparison, not the headline.", "starting_monthly_usd": 3.39 }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "ikev2", "proprietary" ], "proprietary_protocol": "NordLynx", "ram_only_servers": true, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": true, "simultaneous_connections": 10, "open_source_apps": false }, "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://nordvpn.com/about-us", "for": "operating_entity, jurisdiction", "primary": true }, { "url": "https://nordsecurity.com", "for": "ultimate_owner, sibling_brands", "primary": true } ], "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Confirm the current operating entity and its jurisdiction — this has changed more than once. Audit dates need checking against Nord's own audit page." }, "tagline": "The biggest network and the most features; renews at nearly triple the intro price.", "logo_text": "N", "app_store": { "id": 905953485, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id905953485", "seller": "Nordvpn S.A." }, "play_store_id": "com.nordvpn.android", "servers": { "countries": 126, "count": 7400, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": "Obfuscated servers needed; reliability varies by week." }, "AE": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": "Removed Indian servers in 2022; virtual India locations only." }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": true, "dedicated_ip": true, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": true, "stealth_protocol": true, "free_tier": false, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router", "browser", "tv" ], "pros": [ "Largest server network in the market", "NordLynx (WireGuard) is consistently fast", "Four Deloitte no-logs audits since 2018", "Obfuscated and Tor-over-VPN servers included" ], "cons": [ "Two-year plan renews at roughly 3× the intro price", "Sibling brand Surfshark is presented as a competitor", "No port forwarding", "Panama entity but Lithuanian operations" ], "best_for": [ "streaming", "gaming", "iphone", "travel" ] }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "norton-vpn", "name": "Norton VPN", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://us.norton.com/products/norton-vpn", "founded": 2016, "tagline": "Bundled with Norton 360 and sold on brand recognition; renewal doubles the price.", "logo_text": "NV", "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Gen Digital Inc.", "ultimate_owner": "Gen Digital Inc.", "owner_type": "conglomerate", "jurisdiction": "US", "intelligence_alliance": "five_eyes", "sibling_brands": [ "Avast SecureLine VPN", "AVG Secure VPN", "Avira Phantom VPN", "LifeLock" ], "notes": "Gen Digital (formerly NortonLifeLock) merged with Avast in 2022 and now sells the same VPN under four brands. Avast was fined by the FTC in 2024 for selling browsing data through its Jumpshot subsidiary." }, "audits": [], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": "Standard", "months": 12, "total_price": 39.99, "renewal_total_price": 79.99 } ], "starting_monthly_usd": 3.33, "money_back_days": 60, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": false, "notes": "First-year price roughly doubles at renewal." }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "ikev2", "proprietary" ], "proprietary_protocol": "Mimic", "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": true, "simultaneous_connections": 5, "open_source_apps": false }, "app_store": { "id": 1095519285, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id1095519285", "seller": "Gen Digital Inc." }, "play_store_id": "com.symantec.securewifi", "servers": { "countries": 30, "count": null, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "AE": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": false, "dedicated_ip": false, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": true, "free_tier": false, "p2p_allowed": false, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows" ], "pros": [ "60-day money-back guarantee", "Bundled free with Norton 360 plans", "Big-brand support" ], "cons": [ "No independent no-logs audit", "Sibling brand Avast was fined for selling browsing data", "P2P blocked, small network", "Renewal doubles the first-year price" ], "best_for": [], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.gendigital.com", "for": "ultimate_owner, sibling_brands", "primary": true }, { "url": "https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/news/press-releases/2024/02/ftc-order-will-ban-avast-selling-browsing-data-advertising-purposes", "for": "Avast FTC settlement", "primary": true } ], "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Assembled from public sources; confirm operating entity, jurisdiction and audit history against primary documents." } }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "privadovpn", "name": "PrivadoVPN", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://privadovpn.com", "founded": 2019, "tagline": "Swiss-registered budget option with a 10 GB free tier; young, and thinly audited.", "logo_text": "PV", "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Privado Networks AG", "ultimate_owner": "Privado Networks AG", "owner_type": "independent", "jurisdiction": "CH", "intelligence_alliance": "none", "sibling_brands": [], "notes": "Swiss-registered; leadership overlaps with the former Anonymizer team. No public audit of the no-logs policy yet." }, "audits": [], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": null, "months": 1, "total_price": 10.99, "renewal_total_price": 10.99 }, { "tier": null, "months": 12, "total_price": 35.88, "renewal_total_price": 59.88 }, { "tier": null, "months": 24, "total_price": 47.76, "renewal_total_price": 119.76 } ], "starting_monthly_usd": 1.99, "money_back_days": 30, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": false, "notes": null }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "ikev2" ], "proprietary_protocol": null, "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": false, "simultaneous_connections": 10, "open_source_apps": false }, "app_store": { "id": 1498920805, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id1498920805", "seller": "PRIVADO NETWORKS LLC" }, "play_store_id": "com.privado.android.vpn", "servers": { "countries": 48, "count": null, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "AE": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": false, "dedicated_ip": false, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": false, "free_tier": true, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "tv" ], "pros": [ "10 GB free tier, one of the most generous", "Swiss jurisdiction", "Cheapest two-year intro in this database" ], "cons": [ "No independent no-logs audit", "No obfuscation, useless in China", "Renewal is 2.5× the intro price", "Small, young company with a low-rated iOS app" ], "best_for": [ "free", "cheap" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://privadovpn.com/about", "for": "operating_entity, jurisdiction", "primary": true } ], "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Assembled from public sources; confirm operating entity, jurisdiction and audit history against primary documents." } }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "private-internet-access", "name": "Private Internet Access", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://www.privateinternetaccess.com", "founded": 2010, "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Private Internet Access, Inc.", "ultimate_owner": "Kape Technologies", "owner_type": "private_equity", "jurisdiction": "US", "intelligence_alliance": "five_eyes", "sibling_brands": [ "ExpressVPN", "CyberGhost", "ZenMate", "vpnMentor", "WizCase", "SafetyDetectives" ], "notes": "US jurisdiction, inside Five Eyes, under Kape. PIA's counter-argument is that its no-logs claim has been tested in court more than once — which is stronger evidence than an audit, and should be weighed as such rather than dismissed." }, "audits": [ { "date": "2022", "auditor": "Deloitte", "scope": "no_logs", "public_report": false, "report_url": null } ], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": null, "months": 1, "total_price": 11.95, "renewal_total_price": 11.95 }, { "tier": null, "months": 12, "total_price": 39.95, "renewal_total_price": 39.95 }, { "tier": null, "months": 39, "total_price": 79, "renewal_total_price": null } ], "money_back_days": 30, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": true, "notes": null, "starting_monthly_usd": 2.03 }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn" ], "proprietary_protocol": null, "ram_only_servers": true, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": true, "simultaneous_connections": null, "open_source_apps": true }, "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.privateinternetaccess.com/pages/companies", "for": "operating_entity, jurisdiction", "primary": true }, { "url": "https://www.kape.com", "for": "ultimate_owner, sibling_brands", "primary": true } ], "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "The court-record claim in notes must be sourced to the actual case documents before it appears on the site." }, "tagline": "Open-source apps, court-proven no-logs, unlimited devices; US-based and Kape-owned.", "logo_text": "PIA", "app_store": { "id": 955626407, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id955626407", "seller": "Private Internet Access, Inc." }, "play_store_id": "com.privateinternetaccess.android.app", "servers": { "countries": 91, "count": 35000, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": "Shadowsocks proxy option; unreliable." }, "AE": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": true, "dedicated_ip": true, "port_forwarding": true, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": true, "free_tier": false, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router", "browser", "tv" ], "pros": [ "All apps are open source", "No-logs claim tested in US court more than once", "Port forwarding and unlimited connections", "Deloitte no-logs audit (2022, 2024)" ], "cons": [ "United States jurisdiction, inside the Five Eyes", "Kape-owned since 2019", "Weak in China and Russia", "Long-plan renewal price not confirmed" ], "best_for": [ "torrenting", "linux", "cheap", "privacy" ] }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "proton-vpn", "name": "Proton VPN", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://protonvpn.com", "founded": 2017, "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Proton AG", "ultimate_owner": "Proton Foundation", "owner_type": "nonprofit", "jurisdiction": "CH", "intelligence_alliance": "none", "sibling_brands": [ "Proton Mail", "Proton Drive", "Proton Pass" ], "notes": "Restructured in 2024 so a Swiss non-profit foundation holds the controlling stake. That is a genuine structural difference from every private-equity-owned competitor, and the one ownership story in this market that improved rather than worsened." }, "audits": [ { "date": "2025", "auditor": "Securitum", "scope": "apps", "public_report": true, "report_url": null }, { "date": "2024", "auditor": "Securitum", "scope": "apps", "public_report": true, "report_url": null }, { "date": "2022", "auditor": "Securitum", "scope": "apps", "public_report": true, "report_url": null } ], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": "Plus", "months": 1, "total_price": 9.99, "renewal_total_price": 9.99 }, { "tier": "Plus", "months": 12, "total_price": 59.88, "renewal_total_price": 79.95 }, { "tier": "Plus", "months": 24, "total_price": 107.76, "renewal_total_price": 143.76 } ], "money_back_days": 30, "accepts_cash": true, "accepts_crypto": true, "notes": "Prices not filled in yet — must be read off the checkout page, including the renewal figure, not the marketing page.", "starting_monthly_usd": 4.49 }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "ikev2" ], "proprietary_protocol": "Stealth", "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": true, "simultaneous_connections": 10, "open_source_apps": true }, "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://protonvpn.com/blog/transparency-report", "for": "audits", "primary": true }, { "url": "https://proton.me/blog/proton-non-profit-foundation", "for": "ultimate_owner, owner_type", "primary": true } ], "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Audit list is incomplete; Proton's transparency page has the full run with report links. Pricing entirely unfilled." }, "tagline": "Swiss, non-profit-controlled, open source, with the only free tier worth using.", "logo_text": "P", "app_store": { "id": 1437005085, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id1437005085", "seller": "Proton AG" }, "play_store_id": "ch.protonvpn.android", "servers": { "countries": 117, "count": 12000, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": "Stealth protocol helps; official site is blocked, download in advance." }, "AE": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": "Actively targeted by Roskomnadzor; works intermittently." }, "IR": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": true, "dedicated_ip": true, "port_forwarding": true, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": true, "stealth_protocol": true, "free_tier": true, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router", "browser", "tv" ], "pros": [ "Controlled by a Swiss non-profit foundation since 2024", "All apps open source and independently audited", "Free tier with no data cap and no ads", "Secure Core multi-hop through Swiss and Icelandic servers" ], "cons": [ "Renewal is higher than the intro price", "Free tier cannot choose a country", "Speeds trail NordVPN and ExpressVPN in most tests", "Live chat only for paying customers" ], "best_for": [ "privacy", "free", "journalists", "iphone" ] }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "strongvpn", "name": "StrongVPN", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://strongvpn.com", "founded": 2005, "tagline": "One of the oldest VPN brands, now owned by Ziff Davis, which also owns IPVanish.", "logo_text": "S", "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Strong Technology, LLC", "ultimate_owner": "Ziff Davis", "owner_type": "public_company", "jurisdiction": "US", "intelligence_alliance": "five_eyes", "sibling_brands": [ "IPVanish", "Encrypt.me" ], "notes": "Ziff Davis, the listed media group, owns StrongVPN and IPVanish. Comparisons that put both in a top-five list are comparing two products with the same owner." }, "audits": [], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": "Premium", "months": 1, "total_price": 11.99, "renewal_total_price": 11.99 }, { "tier": "Premium", "months": 12, "total_price": 79.99, "renewal_total_price": 79.99 } ], "starting_monthly_usd": 3.33, "money_back_days": 30, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": false, "notes": "The advertised monthly figure comes from a first-term promotion; the annual plan renews at the higher price." }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "ikev2" ], "proprietary_protocol": null, "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": false, "simultaneous_connections": 12, "open_source_apps": false }, "app_store": { "id": 842525940, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id842525940", "seller": "Strong Technology, LLC" }, "play_store_id": "com.strongvpn.app", "servers": { "countries": 30, "count": 950, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "AE": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": false, "dedicated_ip": false, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": false, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": false, "free_tier": false, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router", "tv" ], "pros": [ "Twenty years of operating history", "Twelve simultaneous connections", "Router and TV support", "Live chat support" ], "cons": [ "United States jurisdiction, inside Five Eyes", "No published no-logs audit", "Shares an owner with IPVanish, so the two are not independent alternatives", "Small server network for the price" ], "best_for": [ "beginners", "streaming" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://strongvpn.com/privacy-policy/", "for": "operating_entity, ultimate_owner", "primary": true } ], "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Assembled from public sources; confirm operating entity, jurisdiction, pricing and audit history against primary documents." } }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "surfshark", "name": "Surfshark", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://surfshark.com", "founded": 2018, "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Surfshark B.V.", "ultimate_owner": "Nord Security", "owner_type": "conglomerate", "jurisdiction": "NL", "intelligence_alliance": "nine_eyes", "sibling_brands": [ "NordVPN", "NordPass", "NordLocker", "Incogni" ], "notes": "Merged with Nord Security in 2022. Anyone comparing Surfshark against NordVPN is comparing two brands with the same owner, which is not how either markets it." }, "audits": [ { "date": "2025", "auditor": "Deloitte", "scope": "no_logs", "public_report": false, "report_url": null }, { "date": "2023", "auditor": "Cure53", "scope": "browser_extension", "public_report": true, "report_url": null } ], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": "Starter", "months": 1, "total_price": 15.45, "renewal_total_price": 15.45 }, { "tier": "Starter", "months": 12, "total_price": 47.85, "renewal_total_price": 79.08 }, { "tier": "Starter", "months": 24, "total_price": 53.73, "renewal_total_price": 158.16 } ], "money_back_days": 30, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": true, "notes": "The 24-month figure is the advertised intro total. Renewal is unconfirmed and must not be assumed equal — that is exactly the trap the true-cost calculator exists to expose.", "starting_monthly_usd": 2.19 }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "ikev2" ], "proprietary_protocol": null, "ram_only_servers": true, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": true, "simultaneous_connections": null, "open_source_apps": false }, "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://surfshark.com/about", "for": "operating_entity, jurisdiction", "primary": true }, { "url": "https://surfshark.com/audit", "for": "audits", "primary": true } ], "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Price read from a third-party review, not the checkout page. Re-read both figures from checkout before publishing." }, "tagline": "Unlimited devices at the lowest headline price of the big three; same owner as NordVPN.", "logo_text": "S", "app_store": { "id": 1391782046, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id1391782046", "seller": "SURFSHARK LTD" }, "play_store_id": "com.surfshark.vpnclient.android", "servers": { "countries": 100, "count": 3200, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": "NoBorders mode; mixed reports." }, "AE": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": "Virtual Indian servers only since 2022." }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": true, "dedicated_ip": true, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": true, "free_tier": false, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": true }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router", "browser", "tv" ], "pros": [ "Unlimited simultaneous connections", "Cheapest two-year intro among the major brands", "Deloitte no-logs audit (2023) and Cure53 app audits", "Camouflage and NoBorders modes for restricted networks" ], "cons": [ "Renewal is about three times the intro price", "Owned by Nord Security, which also owns NordVPN", "Netherlands base sits inside the Nine Eyes", "Amazon Prime Video unblocking is inconsistent" ], "best_for": [ "cheap", "streaming", "android", "families" ] }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "tunnelbear", "name": "TunnelBear", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://www.tunnelbear.com", "founded": 2011, "tagline": "Friendly apps, annual public audits, and a 2 GB free tier; owned by McAfee.", "logo_text": "TB", "ownership": { "operating_entity": "TunnelBear LLC", "ultimate_owner": "McAfee LLC", "owner_type": "private_equity", "jurisdiction": "US", "intelligence_alliance": "five_eyes", "sibling_brands": [ "McAfee Safe Connect" ], "notes": "Acquired by McAfee in 2018. Team still based in Toronto; the legal owner is US-based and McAfee itself is owned by a private-equity consortium." }, "audits": [ { "date": "2024", "auditor": "Cure53", "scope": "apps", "public_report": true, "report_url": "https://www.tunnelbear.com/blog" }, { "date": "2023", "auditor": "Cure53", "scope": "infrastructure", "public_report": true, "report_url": null } ], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": "Unlimited", "months": 1, "total_price": 9.99, "renewal_total_price": 9.99 }, { "tier": "Unlimited", "months": 12, "total_price": 39.99, "renewal_total_price": 59.88 } ], "starting_monthly_usd": 3.33, "money_back_days": null, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": false, "notes": "No formal money-back guarantee; refunds are case by case." }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "ikev2" ], "proprietary_protocol": null, "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": true, "simultaneous_connections": null, "open_source_apps": false }, "app_store": { "id": 564842283, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id564842283", "seller": "TunnelBear, LLC" }, "play_store_id": "com.tunnelbear.android", "servers": { "countries": 47, "count": 5000, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": "GhostBear obfuscation; inconsistent." }, "AE": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "blocked", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": false, "dedicated_ip": false, "port_forwarding": false, "ad_blocker": false, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": true, "free_tier": true, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": false }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "browser" ], "pros": [ "Publishes a full third-party security audit every year", "Simplest apps for beginners", "Free 2 GB monthly tier" ], "cons": [ "Owned by McAfee, US jurisdiction", "No Linux or router apps", "No money-back guarantee", "Weak streaming unblocking" ], "best_for": [ "beginners", "free" ], "sources": [ { "url": "https://www.tunnelbear.com/about", "for": "operating_entity, ultimate_owner", "primary": true } ], "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Assembled from public sources; confirm operating entity, jurisdiction and audit history against primary documents." } }, { "$schema": "../providers.schema.json", "slug": "windscribe", "name": "Windscribe", "category": "vpn", "website": "https://windscribe.com", "founded": 2016, "ownership": { "operating_entity": "Windscribe Limited", "ultimate_owner": "Windscribe Limited", "owner_type": "founder_owned", "jurisdiction": "CA", "intelligence_alliance": "five_eyes", "sibling_brands": [], "notes": "Canada is Five Eyes, which Windscribe does not hide from. Independent and founder-run, in a market where that is now unusual." }, "audits": [], "pricing": { "currency": "USD", "plans": [ { "tier": "Pro", "months": 1, "total_price": 9, "renewal_total_price": 9 }, { "tier": "Pro", "months": 12, "total_price": 69, "renewal_total_price": 69 } ], "money_back_days": 3, "accepts_cash": false, "accepts_crypto": true, "notes": "Has a genuinely usable free tier, which matters for the 'free VPN' cluster where most alternatives are predatory.", "starting_monthly_usd": 5.75 }, "technical": { "protocols": [ "wireguard", "openvpn", "ikev2" ], "proprietary_protocol": null, "ram_only_servers": null, "kill_switch": true, "obfuscation": true, "simultaneous_connections": null, "open_source_apps": true }, "our_testing": { "status": "not_tested", "tested_on": null, "tester": null, "line_speed_mbps": null, "speed": null, "leaks": null, "screenshots": [] }, "recommendation": { "status": "undecided", "reason": "No measurements of our own yet." }, "sources": [ { "url": "https://windscribe.com/about", "for": "operating_entity, jurisdiction", "primary": true } ], "verification": { "facts_last_checked": "2026-09-06", "confidence": "needs_primary_source_check", "notes": "Empty audits array is a claim in itself — confirm no independent audit exists rather than assuming we just have not found one." }, "tagline": "Canadian, founder-owned, with a generous free tier and unusually flexible pricing.", "logo_text": "W", "app_store": { "id": 1129435228, "url": "https://apps.apple.com/us/app/id1129435228", "seller": "Windscribe Limited" }, "play_store_id": "com.windscribe.vpn", "servers": { "countries": 69, "count": 600, "approximate": true }, "streaming": { "netflix": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "bbc_iplayer": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "disney_plus": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "hulu": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "amazon_prime": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "works_in": { "CN": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": "Stealth/WStunnel protocols; hit and miss." }, "AE": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "RU": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IR": { "status": "partial", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "TR": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "IN": { "status": "works", "basis": "user_reports", "notes": null }, "verified": null }, "features": { "split_tunneling": true, "multi_hop": false, "dedicated_ip": true, "port_forwarding": true, "ad_blocker": true, "tor_over_vpn": false, "stealth_protocol": true, "free_tier": true, "p2p_allowed": true, "live_chat": false }, "platforms": [ "ios", "android", "macos", "windows", "linux", "router", "browser", "tv" ], "pros": [ "Free tier with 10 GB a month", "Build-a-plan pricing for single locations", "R.O.B.E.R.T. ad and tracker blocking", "Founder-owned, no outside investors" ], "cons": [ "Canada is a Five Eyes country", "Support is ticket-based, no live chat", "Only one full independent audit so far (2024)", "Streaming results are mixed" ], "best_for": [ "free", "cheap", "browser" ] } ] }